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Chassidei Ashkenaz
The Chassidei Ashkenaz (חסידי אשכנז "German Pietists") were a Jewish mystical, ascetic movement in the German Rhineland during the 12th and 13th centuries. Also called Hassidei, they are to be distinguished from the Hasidim.
==Background==
The leaders of the community of the Chassidei Ashkenaz movement were descended from the Kalonymos family of northern Italy, a family that had immigrated to Germany in the 10th century; and the Abun family of France, among others, according to the sacred books they wrote at the close of the 10th century. The movement was known for its strict, extremely religious observance, asceticism, and its mystical doctrines. Some posit that its theology fits into the general canon of Jewish mysticism. It certainly parallels other Jewish mysticism; however in other ways it was very original. The extent of this community’s effect and influence during Middle Age German Judaism has not been studied.
The term “Ḥassid” (the pious) should not be mistaken for the Eastern European dynastic movement started by the Baal Shem Tov in the 18th century, and its Hasidic philosophy (Ḥasidus). Ḥassid is a title used for many pious individuals, and by many Jewish groups since Biblical times.
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